Mahesh Technologies

Annual Revision -Group-A

X Class Physical Science. (CHEMISTRY)

I. Very short answer questions (1 mark)

1. Who discovered electron?
   
2. What is the value of the planks constant?
   
3. Write the planks equation.
   
4. What is stationary orbit?
   
5. Who proposed principal quantum number?
   
6. What information does principal quantum number give?
   
7. What are the degenerate orbital?
   
8. Who introduced the azimuthally quantum number?
   
9. What are the limits of azimuthally quantum number?
   
10. How many m values are for l=3?
    
11. What are the upper and lower limits for l=4?
    
12. Who introduced spin quantum number?
    
13. Define atomic orbital.
    
14. How many electrons can be accommodated in 1s orbital?
    
15. What is the shape of 1s orbital?
    
16. Write the designations of any two‘d’ orbital.
    
17. How are the three ‘p’ orbital designated?
    
18. What is the electronic configuration?
    
19. State auffbau’s principle?
    
20. What is Pauli’s exclusion principle?
    
21. Define atomic radius. Define atomic number.
    
22. Define ionization energy.
    
23. Define electron affinity?
    
24. What is a nodal region?
    
25. Write the electronic configuration of Ca., Cr., Mg.,Cu.,Zn.
    
26. Mention the relation between atomic size and ionization energy.
    
27. What is the shape of PCl5 molecule?
    
28. Which orbital can form pi bond?
    
29. Explain how covalent bond is formed?
    
30. What is the shape of Co2 molecule?
    
31. Name the molecules having p-p overlap.
    
32. Name the molecules having pyramidal shape.
    
33. Give examples of molecules having a double bond.
    
34. Give examples of molecules of triple bond.
    
35. Define covalent bond.
    
36. Define coordinate covalent bond.
    
37. Define ionic bond.
    
38. Give examples of molecules of co ordinate covalent bond.
    
39. Give examples of two Doberiner.
    
40. On which atomic property is the mendaleeve’s periodic table based?
    
41. Name inert gases?
    
42. State mendaleeve’s periodic law.
    
43. Write the general electronic configuration of inert gases?
    
44. What are the inner transmission elements?
    
45. Define electro negativity?
    
46. Define electropositive character.
    
47. Which group of elements has the highest electro positive character?
    
48. Which group of elements can be used as oxidizing and reducing agents?
    
49. Why does atomic size decrease from left to right in a period?
    
50. Name two ores of magnesium.
    
51. Write the general electronic configuration of alkaline earth metals?
    
52. Why do you add KCl and NaCl to MgCl2 during Mg extraction?
    
53. What are the electrodes used in the Mg extraction?
    
54. Write the chemical formula of (1) Magnacite (2) Carnalite.
    
55. Which metals are present in the dolomite?
    
56. How many water molecules are present in Epsom salt?
    
57. Write the equation showing the reaction of alkaline earth metals with Oxygen.
    
58. Write equation of preparation of Zinc Hydroxide from Zinc Oxide.
    
59. Define solution, Solute, Solvent.
    
60. Classify the types of solution based on solubility.
    
61. Define weight percentage.
    
62. How do you increase the extent of ionization of a weak electrolyte?
    
63. Name some non-aqueous solvents?
    
64. Give one example for each of Polar and non polar solvents.
    
65. Define volume percentage.
    
66. Define molarity.
    
67. What is meant by ionization?
    
68. What is meant by standard solution?
    
69. What is meant by mole fraction?
    
70. Arrange the following acids in the increasing order of volatility Hcl, H2SO4 and CH3 COOH.
    
71. Give one limitation of arhenious theory?
    
72. Define Ph?
    
73. Define the heat of neutralization.
    
74. What is ionic product of water?
    
75. Calculate the Ph of 0.001 M of HCl.
    
76. What is the heat of neutralization for the strong acid and strong base?
    
77. How are solutions classified based on Ph value.
    
78. What is allotropy?
    
79. Name three important allotropes of carbon.
    
80. What is dry ice?
    
81. What is Catenation?
    
82. Mention three natural sources of carbon compounds.
    
83. What is an alkyl group?
84. 
    What is polymerization?
    
85. What do you understand by a functional group?
    
86. What is isomerism?
    
87. Define hydrocarbon?
    
88. What are alkynes?
    
89. Why buck minister fullerene is called C60
    
90. State how methane is prepared?
    
91. Define carbohydrates?
    
92. Define calorific value.
    
93. What is defecation?
    
94. What is carbonation?
    
95. What is sulphitation?
    
96. What is molasses?
    
97. What is classified juice?
    
98. Write the chemical formula of ethyl alcohol.
    
99. What is meant by fermentation?

100. What are the enzymes produced by yeast?

101. What is wash?

102. What is rectified spirit?

103. What is absolute alcohol?

104. What is denatured spirit?

105. Name the chemicals added to denature the alcohol?

106. How is sugar crystals separated from juice?

107. Define protein?

108. What is meant by peptide bond?

109. What is meant by poly peptide?

110. How many amino acids are so far known?

111. What are the sources of oils and fats?

112. What is hydrogenation of oil?

113. What are the advantages of hydrogenation?

114. What is soap?

115. What is a detergent?

116. What is saponification?

117. Why do shaving soaps give slow drying lather?

118. Name the catalyst used in the hydrogenation of oils?

119. What is an oil or fat?

120. Why does the cleaning action of soap reduce with hard water?

121. Mention the methods of manufacture of cement.

122. What is the use of adding cullet to the raw materials of glass?

123. What is plastic?

124. Define adhesive?

125. What is a dye?

126. Name two chromospheres.

127. Name two auxocromes.

128. Name two hormones.

129. What are pharmaceuticals?

130. What is cracking?

131. What are natural nutrients?

132. Sketch the structure of aspirin drug molecule.

133. What is the use of micro fertilizers?

134. Who invented cement?

135. What is a chemical composition of cement?

136. What is raw meal?

137. What is annealing?

138. What is a glass?

139. What are ceramics?

140. Define cosmetics?

141. What is petroleum?

142. What does L.P.G. Contains of?

143. What is fertilizer?

144. What are adhesives?

Short Answer questions (2 marks)

1. How many values are permitted for spin quantum number s? What are they?
2. Write the electronic configuration of (1) Nitrogen (2) Chromium.(3) Phosphorus (4) Magnesium.(5) copper (6) Zinc.
3. Explain why electron enters into 4s orbital but not 3d after filling 3p orbital.
4. Distinguish between orbit and orbital.
5. Why do atoms combine?
6. Why sigma bond is stronger than pi bond?
7. Explain the formation of NH4+ ion.
8. Explain the formation of H3O+ ion.
9. Distinguish between ionic bond and covalent bond.
10. Distinguish between sigma bond and pi bond.
11. Distinguish between coordinate covalent bond and covalent bond.
12. What is new lands concept of octaves?
13. Define oxidation and reduction.
14. How does the atomic radius vary in a period and in a group of periodic table?
15. How does the ionization energy vary in a period and in a group of periodic table?
16. Distinguish between oxidation and reduction.
17. How are the elements classified based on the electronic configuration?
18. Why does ionization energy of group IIA elements decrease from Be to Ra?
19. Write the electrode reaction during Mg extraction?
20. Write the reactions of any two elements of group IIA with Oxygen?
21. Classify the following in to strong, weak and non electrolytes. HCl, NaNO3, NaCl, Acetic acid, NH4OH, Sucrose, Glucose, Urea, KCl, K2SO4.
22. Write the differences between a strong electrolyte and weak electrolyte.
23. What is the difference between strong electrolyte and a non electrolyte?
24. Why is copper sulphate soluble in water but not in kerosene?]
25. Why is common salt soluble in water but not in kerosene?
26. Why is naphthalene soluble in kerosene but not in water?
27. What are strong electrolytes? Give some examples.
28. What are weak electrolytes? Give some examples.
29. What are non electrolytes? Give some examples.
30. Give the equations for the preparation of sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid from the oxides of sulpher and phosphorus.
31. Give the equations for the preparation of magnesium hydroxide and zinc hydroxide from their oxides of magnesium and zinc.
32. Write two chemical properties of acids with equations
33. Write two chemical properties of bases with equations
34. Write the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases.
35. What is ionic product of water? Give its value at 25 degrees centigrade.
36. What is heat of neutralization? Give an example.
37. Calculate the Ph of 0.002 M of Hcl.
38. How is CO2 Prepared in the laboratory from carbonates?
39. Mention three uses of carbon dioxide.
40. Write the chemical equations for the addition reactions of alkenes with H2 and Cl2
41. Why does diamond act as a bad conductor of electricity?
42. State how ethane is prepared? What is its common name?
43. What are the uses of alkynes?
44. Write the differences between the alkenes and alkenes.
45. How are the carbohydrates classified based on their taste? Give example of each.
46. What do you understand by pentose and hexose?
47. How are the carbohydrates classified based on their hydrolysis?
48. What are monosaccharide and polysaccharides?
49. Mention the various steps involved in the manufacture of sugar from sugarcane?
50. What is press mud? Mention its use.
51. What is bagasse? How is it useful?
52. Why the alcohol distilleries are located at the places much water resources?
53. How do you perform (a) Tollen’s test (b) Benedict’s test for detecting sugar?
54. What are the uses of alcohol?
55. What are the evil effects of alcohol?
56. Differentiate between a oil and a fat.
57. Write the chemical formula of oil or fat.
58. Write the industrial uses of oils.
59. Write the general formula of soap and detergent.
60. Name four fatty acids.
61. How do you test the quality of soap?
62. Distinguish between soap and a detergent.
63. Describe briefly cold creem and face powder mentioning their ingredients.
64. What are the characteristics of plastics for fibre making?
65. What are the characteristics of good quality face powder?
66. What is drug? What are the requisites of an ideal drug?
67. How are drugs classified? Write about the action of these drugs?
68. List out the sources of drugs.

Long Answer questions ( 4 marks)

1. What are the important features of rutherford’s planetary model?
   
2. What are the defects of Rutherford’s model?
   
3. State the postulates of Bohr’s model?
   
4. What are the defects of Bohr’s model?
   
5. Discus the features of modern atomic structure pertain to the nucleus and stationary states.
   
6. State and explain with one example the Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity.
   
7. Define the ionization energy and mention the factors that influence it.
   
8. Explain the four quantum numbers briefly.
   
9. Discuss the types of overlaps that are possible with s and p orbital.
   
10. Explain the formation of a double bond in oxygen molecule.
    
11. Explain the formation of sigma and pi bonds duly showing orbital over lapping.
    
12. Explain the formation of a coordinate covalent bond.
    
13. Explain the formation of a triple bond.
    
14. How does the atomic size and ionization potential vary in a group and in a period? Describe with an example.
    
15. How does the atomic radius vary in a period and in a group?
    
16. Explain the variation of ionization energy in a period and in a group?
    
17. Explain the main features of long form of the periodic table.
    
18. Write the reactions of group II elements with (1) Oxygen (2) Hydrogen (3) Chlorine (4) Water.
    
19. Describe the method of extraction of magnesium from it’s ore.
    
20. Write down the chemical reactions of first three elements of Group II A with Oxygen and Chlorine.
    
21. Define morality and mole fraction and give their equations.
    
22. How do you prepare 0.1m standard Na2 CO3 solution using 250 ml standard flask?
    
23. Explain how 100mlof 0.1m standard Na2 CO3 solution is prepared?
    
24. What are the factors that effect solubility of a solute explain them?
    
25. What are the acids and basids and neutralization according to arheniu’s?
    
26. What are the limitations of arheniu’s theory?
    
27. Define strong acid, strong base and weak base and weak acid ,Give one example for each.
    
28. What is heat of neutralization? Give it’s value for a reaction between a strong acid and a strong base?
    
29. The heat of neutralization for a reaction between a strong acid and a strong base is 13.7 K.Cal /mol Explain why it is less than 13.7 K.Cal / mol for a reaction involving in a weak acid or a weak base?
    
30. How do you perform tollen’s test for a detecting the adlihide group?
    
31. Compare the structure of diamond and graphite?
    
32. Write the chemical properties of Co2?
    
33. Discuss the catenation properties of carbon with example.
    
34. Write addition reactions of alkenes?
    
35. Write short notes on substitution reactions of alkanes?
    
36. Mention the chemical properties of alkens.
    
37. How ate carbohydrates classifieds based on their behavior towards hydrolysis? Explain with example.
    
38. How is tollen’s reagent prepared? How is glucose tested with if?
    
39. How is benedicts reagent prepared? How is glucose tested with it?
    
40. What are proteins? How does peptide bond form? Mention the important functions of proteins?
    
41. Describe a suitable diagram the different involved in the manufacture of sugar?
    
42. What are the main steps involves in the production of sugar from sugarcane? Mention the important bi products and its use?
    
43. How is soap industrially manufactured?
    
44. How do you tested the quality of soap?
    
45. How detergent industrially manufactured?
    
46. Describe the manufacture of cement?
    
47. Write the short notes on a) Pottery and earthenware?
    
48. Describe addition polymerization with example?
    
49. Write a short note on resins of condensation polymerization?
    
50. Give a list of different types of adhesives, their properties and uses?
    
51. What are the characteristics of good face powder? Mention the commonly used ingredients in face powder?
    
52. What is the refining of petroleum?
    
53. What are the fertilizers? give their types with examples
    

III. Diagrams (5 marks)

1. Molar diagram,
2. Shapes of ‘P’ orbitals,
3. Shapes of ‘d’ orbitals,
4. Draw the formation of N2 molecule,
5. Shape of a ‘PCl5’ molecule,
6. Ammonium molecule,
7. Draw H2O molecule,
8. Shape of a PCl3 molecule,
9. Structure of Benzene molecule,
10. Manufacture of alcohal,
11. Manufacture of sugarcane,
12. Hydrogenation of Oil,
13. Sketch the structure of Drug molecule.

V. Fill in the blanks ( ½ mark)
VI. Problems.